C. Learn about Intellectual Property (IP)
Countries recognise the importance of innovation in driving economic prosperity, and universities play a crucial role in shaping the innovation landscape. Many ground-breaking innovations have originated from universities globally, such as DeepMind Technologies, Google, NVIDIA, Akamai Technologies, Carbon, Inc, Moderna Therapeutics, and more. SMU, over the years, has been developing strong deep-tech research capabilities and incrementally making its mark in society and industry.
Intellectual property protection enables the research and innovation community to unleash their creativity without the fear of losing the uniqueness and innovativeness of their work. It grants legal rights to individuals or organizations for their inventions, creations, or unique ideas, fostering innovation, creativity, and opportunities for creators to benefit monetarily.
Understanding intellectual property ownership is crucial, particularly for those involved in research, innovation, or creative endeavours. In a university setting like SMU, intellectual property can stem from the work of faculty, researchers/innovators, staff, and even students. Intellectual property protection allows both inventors/researchers and universities to mitigate infringement risks, utilise the technology for societal impact, enhance the work of other research/technologies/businesses, and generate economic returns in an organised and secure manner for all parties involved.
Intellectual property generated from work can be broadly classified into two categories: registrable and non-registrable.
Registrable intellectual properties include patents, designs, trademarks, etc., which are examined for their novelty or uniqueness and further prosecuted to ensure no other contesting parties have a claim over the invention before the claim date and time in the relevant geography.
Patents: Typically used to protect discoveries, inventions, or innovations with unique functional or utilizable attributes. Patent protection is usually granted for a period of 20 years in a specific country. Protecting a patent at the national and global level involves a significant amount of time (12-30 months), effort, and cost. In SMU, the KTC generally recommends a provisional filing in Singapore first, as it is more cost-effective and recognises inventiveness in countries like the USA for up to 12 months from the provisional filing date. The final decision on the countries where the patent protection is required must be made during this period.
Trademarks: Used to protect distinctive signs, such as logos, names, or slogans, that identify and distinguish goods or services. Trademarks are beneficial for branding and creating customer demand or loyalty. There are no statutory limitations on the lifespan of trademarks, and the registration cost is relatively inexpensive.
Non-registrable intellectual properties include copyright, trade secrets, know-how, data, software, etc. These rights come into force automatically from their inception if the source and secrecy are well protected. Non-disclosure agreements and license agreements become primary means of protecting these assets.
Copyright: Used to protect artistic, literary, and musical works, audio and visual recordings, software, courseware, etc. Copyright safeguards the expression of an idea, not the idea itself. While automatic copyright protection exists upon creating the work, registering with relevant authorities can provide additional legal benefits when contesting an infringement case.
Trade secret: Used to protect valuable and confidential business information that provides a competitive or strategic advantage. Examples include customer lists, chemical formulas or recipes, manufacturing processes, business plans, inventions, etc. Even employees with privileged access to such information must be bound by strict non-disclosure agreements.
For more general information about intellectual property and its types, you can refer to the Intellectual Property Office of Singapore (IPOS) and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).
The KTC team at SMU offers tailor-made courses to help innovators and researchers in SMU learn more about intellectual property and its benefits. Feel free to reach out to the KTC team for further assistance.